Practice Questions

Name the four major sources of surface water in India as mentioned in the text.

Evaluate the claim that freshwater is an abundant resource on the globe.

Recall the total amount of replenishable groundwater resources in India, in cubic kilometers.

Demonstrate how the practice of rainwater harvesting can help mitigate the problems of both water scarcity and declining groundwater quality.

Analyze why freshwater, despite covering 71 percent of the earth's surface with water, is considered a scarce resource.

Propose a viable use for the brackish water found in lagoons in coastal states like Kerala and Odisha.

Critique the current state of water utilisation in the Ganga and Brahmaputra river basins.

Identify the percentage of surface water and groundwater utilised by the agricultural sector in India.

Justify the high priority given to irrigation development in India's Five Year Plans.

Compare the total water available from precipitation in India with the total utilisable water resource.

Name the river that is identified as the most polluted in the country between Delhi and Etawah.

Formulate a public awareness campaign based on the objectives of the 'Jal Kranti Abhiyan' to promote water conservation in schools.

Define watershed management as explained in the chapter.

Critique the legislative approach to controlling water pollution in India, citing the effectiveness of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974 and the Environment Protection Act 1986.

Justify the prediction that the shares of industrial and domestic sectors in total water utilisation are likely to increase in the future.

Explain why irrigation is considered essential for agriculture in India.

Explain the role of irrigation in the success of the Green Revolution in certain states.

Analyze why the Ganga and Brahmaputra river basins account for 60 percent of India's total surface water resources despite covering only about one-third of the country's total area.

Examine how India's water demand across different sectors is projected to change in the future.

List three negative consequences of the over-use of groundwater resources in certain Indian states.

Examine the primary reasons why irrigation is indispensable for Indian agriculture, even in regions that receive high rainfall.

Evaluate the potential of inter-linking rivers as a solution to India's water problems.

Describe how water from lagoons and backwaters is utilized in coastal states like Kerala, Odisha, and West Bengal.

Identify India's share of the world's surface area, water resources, and population.

Compare the groundwater utilisation patterns in the states of Punjab and Haryana with those in Chhattisgarh and Odisha.

Contrast the sectoral water utilisation shares for surface water and groundwater in India.

Analyze the main objectives of the 'Jal Kranti Abhiyan' launched by the Government of India.

Analyze the primary sources of pollution that are deteriorating the water quality in major Indian rivers.

Analyze why the Yamuna is considered the most polluted river in the country between Delhi and Etawah.

Propose three specific measures that could be implemented in states like Punjab and Haryana to mitigate the negative consequences of over-irrigation.

Justify the inclusion of 'minimum eco-system needs' as a high-priority water allocation in the National Water Policy, 2012.

Describe the sectoral utilisation of groundwater in India.

Summarize the main features of India's National Water Policy of 2012.

Examine the specific water quality issues caused by over-withdrawals of groundwater in states like Rajasthan and West Bengal.

Examine the role of community participation as a critical factor in the success of watershed management, using the Ralegan Siddhi case study as a reference.

Summarize the main activities proposed under the Jal Kranti Abhiyan.

Describe the distribution of surface water resources among India's major river basins.

Explain the concept of rainwater harvesting and its key benefits.

Propose a policy framework for the sustainable management of groundwater in India.

Critique the development model that led to the Green Revolution in Punjab and Haryana from the perspective of water resource sustainability.

Design a community-led program for a water-stressed village, inspired by the 'Neeru-Meeru' and 'Arvary Pani Sansad' initiatives.

Analyze the key provisions of the National Water Policy, 2012 that aim to promote the conservation and efficient use of water.

Formulate a comprehensive strategy for urban areas to reduce their dependency on groundwater, incorporating principles from the chapter.

Analyze the multifaceted consequences of intensive irrigation and over-use of groundwater in the states of Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh.

Evaluate the effectiveness of watershed management as a tool for sustainable development, using the Ralegan Siddhi case study as a primary example.