Diversity in the Living WorldClass 6 Science NCERT Solutions
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Q1Let us enhance our learning
Here are two types of seeds. What differences do you find among the roots and leaf venation of their plants?
Solution
Based on the images, wheat is a monocot seed, and kidney beans are dicot seeds.
Differences:
- Wheat (Monocot): Its plant will generally have fibrous roots and parallel venation in its leaves.
- Kidney Beans (Dicot): Its plant will generally have taproots and reticulate venation in its leaves.
Q2Let us enhance our learning
Names of some animals are given below. Group them based on their habitats. Write the names of aquatic animals in the area marked 'A' and terrestrial animals in the area marked 'B'. Enter the names of animals living in both habitats in part 'C'. Horse, Dolphin, Frog, Sheep, Crocodile, Squirrel, Whale, Earthworm, Pigeon, Tortoise
Solution
A) Aquatic Animals (Live in water): Dolphin, Whale
B) Terrestrial Animals (Live on land): Horse, Sheep, Squirrel, Earthworm, Pigeon
C) Animals living in both habitats (Amphibians/Semi-aquatic): Frog, Crocodile, Tortoise
Q3Let us enhance our learning
Manu's mother maintains a kitchen garden. One day, she was digging out radish from the soil. She told Manu that radish is a kind of root. Examine a radish and write what type of root it is. What type of venation would you observe in the leaves of radish plant?
Solution
A radish is a taproot. It consists of one main root from which smaller side roots arise.
Generally, plants with taproots exhibit reticulate venation in their leaves. Therefore, the leaves of a radish plant would have reticulate venation.
Q4Let us enhance our learning
Look at the image of a mountain goat and a goat found in the plains. Point out the similarities and differences between them. What are the reasons for these differences?
Solution
Similarities:
- Both are goats, belonging to the same animal species.
- Both are mammals and herbivores.
- Both use legs for movement.
Differences and Reasons (Adaptations):
- Mountain Goat: It is adapted to live in cold, rocky, and often steep mountainous regions. It likely has thicker fur for insulation against cold, and strong, agile hooves that provide grip on uneven terrain. These features are adaptations to survive the harsh conditions and move efficiently in its mountain habitat.
- Goat found in the plains: It is adapted to live in flat, grassy areas. It likely has less thick fur compared to a mountain goat, as it does not need to withstand extreme cold. Its hooves are suited for walking on softer, flatter ground. These features are adaptations that enable it to thrive in its plains habitat.
The differences between them are due to adaptations to their specific environments, allowing them to survive and thrive in distinct surrounding conditions.
Q5Let us enhance our learning
Group the following animals into two groups based on any feature other than those discussed in the chapter-cow, cockroach, pigeon, bat, tortoise, whale, fish, grasshopper, lizard.
Solution
A feature not extensively discussed for grouping in the chapter is their method of reproduction (whether they give birth to young ones or lay eggs).
Group 1: Animals that give birth to live young (Viviparous)
- Cow
- Bat
- Whale
Group 2: Animals that lay eggs (Oviparous)
- Cockroach
- Pigeon
- Tortoise
- Fish
- Grasshopper
- Lizard
Q6Let us enhance our learning
As the population grows and people want more comfortable lives, forests are being cut down to meet various needs. How can this affect our surroundings? How do you think we can address this challenge?
Solution
Effects on our surroundings due to deforestation:
- Loss of biodiversity: Forests are habitats for countless plants and animals. Cutting them down leads to the destruction of homes, food sources, and other resources for these living creatures, resulting in a decline or loss of their populations and overall biodiversity.
- Environmental imbalance: Trees play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance, including regulating climate and preventing soil erosion.
Ways to address this challenge:
- Afforestation and Reforestation: Planting more trees and restoring degraded forest areas.
- Sustainable resource management: Using forest products responsibly and finding alternative materials to reduce the demand for wood.
- Creating protected areas: Establishing national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and sacred groves to safeguard forest ecosystems and their biodiversity.
- Awareness and Education: Educating people about the importance of forests and biodiversity conservation.
- Reducing consumption: Adopting lifestyles that require fewer resources, thereby reducing the pressure on natural habitats.
Q7Let us enhance our learning
Analyse the flowchart. What can be examples of 'A' and 'B'? Living Things Plants A Herbs, Shrubs, Trees Living Things Animals B Terrestrial, Aquatic, Amphibian
Solution
Based on the chapter's discussion:
- A: Can be "Grouping based on height and nature of stem" or simply "Types of Plants". The chapter describes grouping plants into herbs, shrubs, and trees based on these features.
- B: Can be "Grouping based on Habitat" or simply "Types of Habitats". The chapter discusses grouping animals as terrestrial, aquatic, and amphibians based on their habitats.
Q8Let us enhance our learning
Raj argues with his friend Sanjay that "Gudhal (hibiscus) plant is a shrub." What questions can Sanjay ask for clarification?
Solution
To clarify if a Gudhal (hibiscus) plant is a shrub, Sanjay can ask questions based on the characteristics of shrubs mentioned in the chapter:
- Is the hibiscus plant shorter than a tree?
- Does it have many brown, woody stems?
- Do its branches start growing very close to the ground?
- Are its stems hard, but not as thick as the stem of a large tree?
Q9Let us enhance our learning
Based on the information in the table, find out examples of these plants for each group. | Group | Type of seed | Type of root | Examples | |---|---|---|---| | A | Dicot | Taproot | | | B | Monocot | Fibrous roots | |
(a)
What other similarities do plants of group A have?
(b)
What other similarities do plants of group B have?
Solution
Table with Examples:
| Group | Type of seed | Type of root | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Dicot | Taproot | Hibiscus, Chickpea (Chana), Sadabahar, Radish |
| B | Monocot | Fibrous roots | Wheat, Maize, Lemongrass, Common grass |
(a) Other similarities for plants of Group A (Dicot, Taproot):
- They generally have reticulate venation in their leaves.
(b) Other similarities for plants of Group B (Monocot, Fibrous roots):
- They generally have parallel venation in their leaves.
Q10Let us enhance our learning
Observe the labelled part of a duck in the picture given below. What differences do you observe in the feet of the duck compared to the other birds? Which activity would the duck be able to perform using this part?
Solution
Differences in the feet:
Compared to a pigeon (and most other land birds), the duck has webbed feet. This means the skin connects its toes, forming a web-like structure.
Activity the duck can perform:
The duck would be able to swim in water effectively using its webbed feet. The webbed structure helps push water backward, propelling the duck forward.