Temperature and its MeasurementClass 6 Science NCERT Solutions
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Q1Let us enhance our learning
The normal temperature of a healthy human being is close to
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Solution
The normal temperature of a healthy human body is taken to be .
Therefore, the correct option is (ii).
Final Answer: (ii)
Q2Let us enhance our learning
is the same temperature as
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Solution
The text states that a temperature measured as on the Celsius scale is equivalent to on the Fahrenheit scale.
Therefore, the correct option is (iv).
Final Answer: (iv)
Q3Let us enhance our learning
Fill in the blanks:
(i)
The hotness or coldness of a system is determined by its
(ii)
The temperature of ice-cold water cannot be measured by a thermometer.
(iii)
The unit of temperature is degree .
Solution
(i)
The hotness or coldness of a system is determined by its temperature.
(ii)
The temperature of ice-cold water cannot be measured by a clinical thermometer.
(iii)
The unit of temperature is degree Celsius.
Q4Let us enhance our learning
The range of a laboratory thermometer is usually
(i)
to
(ii)
to
(iii)
to
(iv)
to
Solution
The text states that the range of a laboratory thermometer is from to .
Therefore, the correct option is (ii).
Final Answer: (ii) to
Q5Let us enhance our learning
Four students used a laboratory thermometer to measure the temperature of water as shown in Fig. 7.6:
Who do you think followed the correct way for measuring temperature?
(i)
Student 1
(ii)
Student 2
(iii)
Student 3
(iv)
Student 4
Solution
According to the 'Correct way of measuring temperature using a laboratory thermometer' section:
- The bulb should be immersed in water but should not touch the bottom or sides of the beaker.
- The thermometer should be held vertically.
- The temperature must be read while immersed in water, with the eye directly in line with the liquid column.
Observing Fig. 7.6:
- Student 1: The bulb is touching the bottom of the beaker. Incorrect.
- Student 2: The bulb is immersed in water, not touching the bottom or sides, and the thermometer is held vertically. This is the correct way.
- Student 3: The thermometer is tilted. Incorrect.
- Student 4: The bulb is not fully immersed in the water. Incorrect.
Therefore, the correct option is (ii).
Final Answer: (ii) Student 2
Q6Let us enhance our learning
Colour to show the red column on the drawings of thermometers (Fig. 7.7) as per the temperatures written below:
, ,
Solution
This question requires drawing on the provided image, which cannot be done in a text-based format. However, the description of where the red column should reach is as follows:
- For : The red liquid column should extend up to the mark labeled on the thermometer scale.
- For : The red liquid column should extend up to the mark labeled on the thermometer scale.
- For : The red liquid column should extend up to the mark labeled on the thermometer scale.
Q7Let us enhance our learning
Observe the part of thermometer shown in Fig. 7.8 and answer the following questions:
(i)
What type of thermometer is it?
(ii)
What is the reading of the thermometer?
(iii)
What is the smallest value that this thermometer can measure?
Solution
(i)
What type of thermometer is it?
The thermometer scale shown in Fig. 7.8 ranges from to . This specific range is typical for measuring human body temperature. Therefore, it is a clinical thermometer.
(ii)
What is the reading of the thermometer?
Between any two integer marks (e.g., and ), there are 10 smaller divisions. This means each small division represents . The liquid column is shown to have risen past and aligns with the fifth small mark after .
So, the reading is .
Reading:
(iii)
What is the smallest value that this thermometer can measure?
As determined above, there are 10 small divisions between each degree mark. Therefore, the smallest value (least count) that this thermometer can measure is .
Smallest value:
Q8Let us enhance our learning
A laboratory thermometer is not used to measure our body temperature. Give a reason.
Solution
A laboratory thermometer is not used to measure our body temperature for the following reasons:
- Range: A clinical thermometer has a specific temperature range, typically from to , which covers the normal human body temperature and common fever ranges. A laboratory thermometer has a much wider range, usually from to , making it less precise for the narrow range of human body temperatures.
- Kink/Constriction: Clinical thermometers have a kink or constriction near the bulb. This kink prevents the mercury (or alcohol) level from falling back into the bulb on its own once the thermometer is removed from the patient's mouth. This allows ample time for the person to read the temperature accurately. Laboratory thermometers lack this kink, so their liquid column falls immediately upon removal from the body, making it difficult to get an accurate reading of the peak body temperature.
Q9Let us enhance our learning
Vaishnavi has not gone to school as she is ill. Her mother has kept a record of her body temperature for three days as shown in Table 7.4.
Table 7.4: Body temperature record of Vaishnavi
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline \multirow[b]{2}{*}{DAY} & \multicolumn{6}{|c|}{Temperature at}
\hline & 7am & 10am & 1pm & 4pm & 7pm & 10pm
\hline One & & & & & &
\hline Two & & & & & &
\hline Three & & & & & &
\hline \end{tabular}
(i)
What was Vaishnavi's highest recorded temperature?
(ii)
On which day and at what time was Vaishnavi's highest temperature recorded?
(iii)
On which day did Vaishnavi's temperature return to normal?
Solution
Based on Table 7.4:
(i)
What was Vaishnavi's highest recorded temperature?
By examining all the temperature readings in the table, the highest recorded temperature is .
(ii)
On which day and at what time was Vaishnavi's highest temperature recorded?
The highest temperature of was recorded on Day One at 7 pm.
(iii)
On which day did Vaishnavi's temperature return to normal?
The normal temperature of a healthy human body is taken to be . On Day Three, at 4 pm, Vaishnavi's temperature was recorded as , indicating it had returned to normal.
Q10Let us enhance our learning
If you have to measure the temperature , which of the following three thermometers will you use (Fig. 7.9)? Explain.
Thermometer 1: Range to , smallest division
Thermometer 2: Range to , smallest division
Thermometer 3: Range to , smallest division
Solution
We need to measure a temperature of . Let us analyze each thermometer:
-
Thermometer 1 (Clinical Thermometer):
- Range: to
- Smallest division:
- This thermometer cannot be used because is outside its measuring range.
-
Thermometer 2 (Laboratory Thermometer):
- Range: to
- Smallest division:
- This thermometer's range includes . However, its smallest division is , meaning it can only read temperatures to the nearest whole degree (e.g., or ). It cannot accurately measure .
-
Thermometer 3 (Laboratory Thermometer):
- Range: to
- Smallest division:
- This thermometer's range includes . Its smallest division of allows for accurate measurement of temperatures like .
Therefore, Thermometer 3 should be used to measure because it has the appropriate range and sufficient precision (smallest division) to read the temperature accurately.
Q11Let us enhance our learning
The temperature shown by the thermometer in Fig. 7.10 is
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Solution
By observing Fig. 7.10:
The main markings on the thermometer are for whole degrees (e.g., , , , etc.).
Between any two consecutive whole degree marks (e.g., between and ), there are 5 smaller divisions.
This means each small division represents .
The liquid column has risen past and is aligned with the third small mark after .
So, the temperature reading is .
However, among the given options, is the closest. It is common for such diagrams to sometimes approximate readings, or for the liquid level to be precisely at a half-degree mark if the smallest division was (which would mean 10 divisions per degree). Given the options, is the most probable intended answer, likely representing the midpoint between and .
Therefore, the most appropriate option is (iii).
Final Answer: (iii)
Q12Let us enhance our learning
A laboratory thermometer has 50 divisions between and . What does each division of this thermometer measure?
Solution
Given:
Temperature range
Number of divisions
To Find: Value of each division
Calculation:
Each division measures
Final Answer: Each division of this thermometer measures .
Q13Let us enhance our learning
Draw the scale of a thermometer in which the smallest division reads . You may draw only the portion between and .
Solution
This question requires drawing a thermometer scale. Here is a description of how it would appear for the portion between and , where the smallest division reads :
Imagine a vertical line representing the thermometer tube. Along this line, there would be markings:
-
Major markings: These would be for whole degrees, from to . These marks would typically be longer. (, , , , , , , , , , )
-
Smaller markings: Between each consecutive whole degree mark, there would be one shorter mark exactly in the middle. This middle mark would represent the increment. (e.g., between and , there would be a mark for ; between and , there would be a mark for , and so on).
Visual representation (conceptual):
(for )
(for )
(for )
(for )
(for )
(Note: The above is a textual representation. In a drawing, the marks would be physically drawn on a vertical line.)
Q14Let us enhance our learning
Komal tells you that she has a fever of 101 degrees. Does she mean it on the Celsius scale or Fahrenheit scale?
Solution
The normal human body temperature is approximately or .
- If Komal's temperature were , it would be significantly higher than the boiling point of water (). Such a temperature is impossible for a living human body and would be fatal.
- If Komal's temperature were , it would be above the normal body temperature of , indicating a fever.
Therefore, Komal means her temperature is degrees on the Fahrenheit scale.