NCERT Solutions

What is atmosphere? Explain its composition with the help of a pie diagram.

Draw a labelled diagram of the structure of atmosphere.

Which are the four main seasons of India?

Why do you not feel the pressure of the atmosphere?

In which layer of the atmosphere do aeroplanes fly and why?

Distinguish between the following:

a. The troposphere and stratosphere

b. The south-west monsoon and north-east monsoon

Do it yourself: Table 3.3 shows the average monthly temperatures and rainfall amounts for 10 representative stations. Study these figures on your own and convert them into 'temperature and rainfall' graphs. The visual representations will help you grasp their similarities and differences at a glance. One such graph (Fig. 3.14) is already prepared for you. See if you can arrive at some broad generalisations about our diverse climatic conditions. 7.1. Now look at Table 3.3 again. Re-arrange the 10 stations according to their distance from the equator. 7.2. Find out: a. Two stations with the most extreme climate. b. Two stations influenced by retreating monsoons. c. The two hottest stations in the months of (i) February (ii) June 7.3. Now find out: a. Why does Shillong experience more rainfall than Kolkata? b. Why does Delhi receive more rainfall than Jodhpur? 7.4. Now think why a. Thiruvananthapuram has an equable climate? b. Chennai has more rainfall only after the fury of the monsoon is over in most parts of the country? c. Leh has moderate precipitation almost throughout the year? 7.5. Despite these differences across regions, can you observe any substantial evidence to conclude that the monsoons provide a very strong framework, lending overall climatic unity to the whole country?

Collect pictures of houses and clothing of people from different regions of India. Examine whether they reflect any relationship with the climatic conditions or the relief of those regions.