Q2: Describe the events organised in athletics.

According to the provided text, athletics events are classified into four main types based on the nature of the competitions: 1. Track Events: These include all running events conducted on the athletics track. They are further categorized into short, middle, and long-distance races, as well as…

Q3: Name any four throwing events.

The four throwing events mentioned in the text are: 1. Shot Put 2. Discus Throw 3. Javelin Throw 4. Hammer Throw

Individual Games Class 11 Health And Physical Education NCERT Solutions

Q1Athletics

Explain the meaning and history of athletics.

Solution

Meaning of Athletics

Athletics refers to a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, and throwing. These activities are natural and universal forms of human physical expression, and the track and field events in modern athletics are improved versions of these basic movements.

History of Athletics

Ancient Origins: The history of organised athletics dates back to the Ancient Olympic Games. The first recorded event was the stadion footrace in 776 B.C. in Olympia, Greece. The scope of the games later expanded to include the pentathlon, which comprised five events: discus throw, long jump, javelin throw, the stadion foot race, and wrestling.
Medieval Development: Track and field events continued in the PanHellenic Games and spread to Rome. During the middle ages, competitions like the stone put and weight throw, popular in Celtic societies, became predecessors to modern shot put and hammer throw.
Modern Era: In the late 19th century, modern track and field competitions were established, separate from general festivals. They were often organised by educational and military institutions. The Amateur Athletic Association (AAA) was established in England in 1880, becoming the first national body for the sport. The USA also began holding annual national competitions in 1868.
Olympic Revival and Governance: The establishment of the modern Olympic Games in 1896 marked a new height for athletics, which became a central part of the games. The International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF) was founded in 1912 as the international governing body for track and field.
Indian History: In India, the Amateur Athletics Federation of India (AAFI) was established in 1946 to manage the sport. Initially, events were held on grass, but now synthetic tracks are used, improving the sport with technology.

Q1Athletics

400 m track is known as standard track.

Solution

True. The caption for Fig. 4.1 identifies it as a 'Standard athletics track 400 meters'.

Q1Athletics

What is the distance of runway in long jump and triple jump?

Solution

According to the 'Information about Long Jump' table in the text, the length of the runway for a long jump is 40 m - 45 m. The text does not specify a separate runway distance for the triple jump.

Q1Athletics

The thickness of the take-off board in long jump and triple jump is _____ .

Solution

The thickness of the take-off board in long jump and triple jump is 10 cm.

Q2Athletics

What is the size of landing area in high jump?

Solution

As per the 'Information about High Jump' table, the size of the landing area in a high jump is 6 m × 4 m.

Q2Athletics

Maximum weight of the crossbar in high jump is _____。

Solution

Maximum weight of the crossbar in high jump is 2 kg.

Q2Athletics

5 runners participate in a relay race.

Solution

False. The text states that a relay team has four runners who complete the race.

Q2Athletics

Describe the events organised in athletics.

Solution

According to the provided text, athletics events are classified into four main types based on the nature of the competitions:

Track Events: These include all running events conducted on the athletics track. They are further categorized into short, middle, and long-distance races, as well as hurdle and relay races.
Field Events: These events are divided into two main categories:
- Jumping Events: Competitions where athletes jump for distance or height. This includes Long Jump, High Jump, Triple Jump, and Pole Vault.
- Throwing Events: Competitions where athletes throw an implement for distance. This includes Shot Put, Discus Throw, Javelin Throw, and Hammer Throw.
Combined Events: These are unique events that are a combination of various track and field events. For men, the event is the 'Decathlon', which consists of 10 events completed over two days. For women, it is the 'Heptathlon', which includes seven events, also completed over two days.
Events conducted outside the stadium: These events are not held on the track but on roads or at natural locations. Examples include the Marathon (42.195 km) and race walking events of 20 km and 50 km.

Q3Athletics

The _____ of shot put in women is 4 kg .

Solution

The weight of shot put in women is 4 kg .

Q3Athletics

Name any four throwing events.

Solution

The four throwing events mentioned in the text are:

Shot Put
Discus Throw
Javelin Throw
Hammer Throw

Q3Athletics

Describe the classification of track events in athletics.

Solution

Track events, which consist of all running events, are classified into three main categories based on the distance of the race. These are:

Short Distance Races (Sprints): These are races run over short distances at maximum speed. The events in this category are:
- 100 m
- 200 m
- 400 m
- 110 m Hurdle Race (Men)
- 100 m Hurdle Race (Women)
- 4 x 100 m relay
- 4 x 400 m relay
Middle Distance Races: These races require a combination of speed and endurance. The events in this category are:
- 800 m
- 1500 m
Long Distance Races: These are endurance-based events run over longer distances. The events in this category are:
- 3000 m steeplechase
- 5000 m
- 10,000 m
- 20 km walking
- 50 km walking
- Marathon (42.195 km)

Q3Athletics

Bunch start is a throwing technique.

Solution

False. Bunch start is a type of crouch start used in sprinting (running) events.

Q4Athletics

28 hurdle jumps and 7 water jumps are there in _____ .

Solution

28 hurdle jumps and 7 water jumps are there in 3000 m steeplechase.

Q4Athletics

Disco put style is applied in discus throw.

Solution

False. The text does not mention any technique called 'Disco put style' for the discus throw.

Q4Athletics

Describe the classification of field events in athletics.

Solution

Field events in athletics are classified into two main categories: jumping events and throwing events. These events test an athlete's power, strength, and coordination.

1. Jumping Events: In these events, athletes compete by jumping for maximum distance or height. The four main jumping events are:

Long Jump: Athletes sprint down a runway and jump as far as possible from a take-off board into a sandpit.
High Jump: Athletes jump over a horizontal bar at measured heights without dislodging it.
Triple Jump: Similar to the long jump, but involves a sequence of a hop, a step, and a jump into the sandpit.
Pole Vault: Athletes use a long, flexible pole to vault over a high bar.

2. Throwing Events: In these events, athletes throw a specific implement as far as possible. The four main throwing events are:

Shot Put: Athletes 'put' (push rather than throw) a heavy spherical metal ball (the shot).
Discus Throw: Athletes throw a heavy lenticular disc, spinning their body to gain momentum.
Javelin Throw: Athletes throw a light spear-like implement.
Hammer Throw: Athletes throw a heavy metal ball attached to a wire and handle, spinning multiple times before releasing it.

Q4Athletics

Name the famous technique used for high jump.

Solution

The most popular and famous technique used for high jump is the Fosbury Flop.

Q5Athletics

There are two types of tracks.

Solution

False. The text mentions that a track surface can be of soil, grass, or synthetic, which are three types.

Q5Athletics

Enlist the different types of throw events. Explain shot put throw in detail.

Solution

The different types of throwing events in athletics are:

Shot Put
Discus Throw
Javelin Throw
Hammer Throw

Shot Put Explained

Shot put is a main throwing event where an athlete, known as a shot putter, throws a heavy spherical shot for maximum distance. The event requires power, flexibility, and speed.

Specifications:

Circle Diameter: 2.135 m
Stop Board: 1.21 m long, 11.2 cm - 30 cm wide, 10 cm high.
Weight of Shot: 7.260 kg (for men), 4.00 kg (for women).
Throwing Sector Angle: 34.92°

Methods of Shot Put: There are two primary techniques described:

1. Gliding Technique:

Grip: The shot is held at the base of the fingers, not in the palm, with the thumb for support.
Placement: The shot is placed below the ear, near the jaw bone and over the collar bone.
Gliding Phase: The athlete starts at the back of the circle, facing away from the throw direction. They perform a 'glide' across the circle on one leg to build momentum.
Final Phase: The athlete lands in a power position, turns the body, and pushes the shot forward and upward. The body weight is maintained on the right foot after the release to stay balanced and avoid fouling.

2. Rotation Technique:

Initial Position: The athlete stands at the back of the circle, back towards the direction of the throw.
Rotation: The athlete rotates their body, similar to a discus thrower, to build rotational momentum. The weight shifts as the body turns, and the shoulders and trunk rotate fully.
Release: The momentum from the rotation is transferred to the shot as it is pushed out from the neck at the optimal angle and height.

Q5Athletics

What is relay?

Solution

A relay race is a team event in athletics. In this race, a team of four runners completes a given distance, with each runner covering a quarter of the total track distance. Each runner carries a baton, which must be exchanged with the next runner within a specified 20-meter exchange zone.

Q6Athletics

What is the weight of discus for men and women?

Solution

According to the 'Information about Discus Throw' table, the weight of the discus is 2 kg for men and 1 kg for women.

Q6Athletics

Enlist the different types of jump events. Explain high jump in detail.

Solution

The different types of jumping events in athletics are:

Long Jump
High Jump
Triple Jump
Pole Vault

High Jump Explained

High jump is a major field event where the athlete must jump over a horizontal crossbar placed at a measured height. The event requires activeness and flexibility.

Specifications:

Runway Length: Minimum 15 m
Landing Area Size: 6 m × 4 m
Distance between poles: 4.00 m - 4.04 m
Weight of crossbar: 2 kg

Techniques of High Jump: The most popular technique is the Fosbury Flop. Other techniques include:

Scissor Jump: The athlete approaches the bar straight on and jumps over with alternate legs, landing on their feet.
Western Roll: The athlete rolls over the crossbar and lands on their back.
Straddle Technique: The athlete's legs are taken alternately over the crossbar as the body rolls near the bar.
Fosbury Flop: This is a modern technique where the athlete approaches the bar in a curve, jumps, and crosses the bar backward with their body bent. The landing is done on the shoulders and upper back.

General Rules:

The jumper must take off from one foot only.
It is a foul if the athlete shakes the bar from its support or touches the ground beyond the poles before clearing the bar.
An athlete is disqualified after three consecutive failures at any height.
The time limit for a jump is typically one minute, which can vary depending on the number of athletes remaining.

Q7Athletics

Explain the types of crouch start in short distance running.

Solution

The crouch start is essential for sprint races as it allows the athlete to use their reaction time, speed, and explosive power effectively. A starting block is used for this type of start. The crouch start is divided into three types, which differ mainly in the placement of the starting blocks and the athlete's body position.

1. Bunch or Bullet Start:

Block Placement: The distance from the starting line to the front block is between 16 to 19 inches. The distance between the front and rear blocks is 8 to 11 inches.
Body Position: The athlete sets their body so that the rear toe and the heel of the front foot are in a straight line. In the 'set' position, the hips are lifted slightly, and the arms are straight. This position is somewhat unstable, which helps the athlete leave the blocks quickly.

2. Medium Start:

Block Placement: The distance from the starting line to the blocks is 15 to 18 inches. The distance between the two blocks is 15 to 20 inches.
Body Position: The knee of the rear leg and the arch of the front foot are in a straight line. The shoulders and hips are at almost the same height. This start is considered the best among the three and is used by most athletes as it provides a good balance of stability and power.

3. Elongated Start:

Block Placement: The distance from the starting line to the blocks is 11 to 14 inches. The distance between the two blocks is 25 to 29 inches.
Body Position: The rear knee is placed near the front heel. This start provides more stability but may be less explosive than the others.

The choice of start depends on individual factors like leg length, hip breadth, arm strength, and reaction time.

Q7Athletics

Which type of track is called a standard track?

Solution

A 400-meter track is known as a standard athletics track.

Q8Athletics

What is the weight of the shot in shot put for men and women?

Solution

As per the 'Information about Shot Put' table, the weight of the shot is 7.260 kg for men and 4.00 kg for women.

Q1Badminton

Weight of a shuttle should be _____ .

Solution

Weight of a shuttle should be 4.74 to 5.50 grams.

Q1Badminton

Who won India's first Olympic medal in Badminton?

Solution

The provided text does not contain information about who won India's first Olympic medal in Badminton. It mentions the general history of the sport in the Olympics and lists some international tournaments but does not name specific Indian Olympic medalists.

Q1Badminton

Thomas Cup was first held in 1956.

Solution

False. The text states that the Thomas Cup, a Men's Team World Badminton Championship, was first held in 1948.

Q1Badminton

Write the history of Badminton in Olympics.

Solution

Badminton's journey in the Olympic Games began as a demonstration and exhibition sport before it became an official medal event. According to the text:

1972 Munich Olympics: Badminton was introduced as a demonstration event. This allowed the sport to be showcased on a global stage, although no official medals were awarded.
1988 Seoul Olympics: It was featured again, this time as an exhibition sport.
1992 Barcelona Olympics: Badminton finally became an official Summer Olympic sport. From this point on, players competed for official Olympic medals in various categories.

Q2Badminton

Write various types of events played in Badminton.

Solution

Badminton is played across various age groups and formats. The types of events mentioned in the text are:

Senior Level:
- Men's and Women's Singles
- Men's and Women's Doubles
- Mixed Doubles
Junior Level (Under 17 and 19):
- Junior Boy's and Girl's Singles
- Junior Boy's and Girl's Doubles
- Junior Boy's and Girl's Mixed Doubles
Sub Junior Level (Under 13 and 15):
- Sub Junior Boy's and Girl's Singles
- Sub Junior Boy's and Girl's Doubles
- Sub Junior Boy's and Girl's Mixed Doubles

Q2Badminton

What is the legal height a badminton player is allowed to serve from?

Solution

According to the text, a player must deliver the service by hitting the shuttle with the racket below the waist.

Q2Badminton

In badminton, doubles A side has only one service.

Solution

True. The text specifies under the 'Doubles' section that 'A side has only one 'service''.

Q2Badminton

Height of the badminton court for international competitions shall be _____ .

Solution

Height of the badminton court for international competitions shall be 12 metre (referring to the ceiling height).

Q3Badminton

The colour of the lines of badminton court should be _____ .

Solution

The colour of the lines of badminton court should be white or yellow.

Q3Badminton

Write the dimensions of the Racket.

Solution

The specifications for a badminton racket are as follows:

Overall Length: The racket shall not exceed 680 mm in overall length.
Overall Width: The racket shall not exceed 230 mm in overall width.

Q3Badminton

A 60 seconds interval between each game is allowed.

Solution

False. A 60-second interval is allowed when the leading score reaches 11 points within a game. The interval allowed between each game is two minutes.

Q4Badminton

A player can win a game with a score of 30-28 points.

Solution

False. The text states that if the score reaches 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point wins the game. This means the final score would be 30-29, not 30-28.

Q4Badminton

Draw a labelled badminton court.

Solution

Since drawing is not possible, here is a detailed description of a labelled badminton court based on the text and Figure 4.19:

Overall Shape and Dimensions: The court is a rectangle with overall dimensions of 13.40 meters in length and 6.10 meters in width for doubles play.
Singles Court: For singles play, the width of the court is reduced to 5.18 meters. The inner side lines mark the singles court width.
Lines: All lines are 4 cm wide and should be white or yellow.
Net: The net divides the court into two equal halves. The posts holding the net are 1.55 meters high and are placed on the doubles' side lines.
Net Height: The height of the net from the court surface is 1.524 meters at the center.
Service Courts: Each half of the court is divided into a right and left service court.
- Short Service Line: This line is marked 1.98 meters from the net on both sides.
- Long Service Line: For doubles, this is the back boundary line. For singles, the back boundary line also serves as the long service line.
- Center Line: A line runs from the short service line to the back boundary line, dividing the area into the right and left service courts.
Surrounding Space: There should be at least 2 meters of clear space surrounding the court.

Q5Badminton

High serve is used sometimes in badminton men's singles.

Solution

True. The text mentions that the high serve is used in women's singles and 'sometimes in men's singles'.

Q1Gymnastics

Explain the history of gymnastics in Olympics.

Solution

The provided text states that gymnastics began in ancient Greece about 2500 years ago, where it was used for physical training and was part of gymnastic tournaments in Athens. However, it provides limited specific details about its history in the modern Olympic Games. The key point mentioned is a significant moment in Olympic gymnastics history:

1976 Montreal Olympics: Nadia Comaneci, a female gymnast, achieved the first-ever perfect score of 10.0 in an Olympic gymnastics event. This was a historic achievement that brought immense popularity to the sport.

The text also notes that Khushi Ram and Veer Singh represented India for the first time in the Olympics held at Helsinki in 1952.

Q1Gymnastics

Gymnastics is an Olympic sport.

Solution

True. The text confirms this by referencing events at the Montreal Olympics (1976) and Helsinki Olympics (1952).

Q1Gymnastics

Gymnastics begun in ancient Greece about _____ years ago.

Solution

Gymnastics begun in ancient Greece about 2500 years ago.

Q1Gymnastics

When was the gymnastics introduced in the Olympic Games?

Solution

The provided text does not specify the exact year when gymnastics was introduced in the modern Olympic Games. It only mentions that gymnastics tournaments were held in ancient Greece.

Q2Gymnastics

Explain the evolution of gymnastics in India.

Solution

The evolution of gymnastics in India began formally in the mid-20th century with the establishment of a national governing body. The key developments are as follows:

Formation of GFI: The Gymnastics Federation of India (GFI) was initiated in 1951.
International Affiliation: The GFI became affiliated with the Indian Olympic Association (IOC) and the Federation International de Gymnastics (FIG) in 1952.
Founder Membership: The GFI is a founder member of the Commonwealth Gymnastics Confederation (CGC) and the Asian Gymnastics Union (AGU).
National Championships: The first National Gymnastic Championship for men was organised in 1952, followed by the first women's championship in 1962. The first national championship for sub-junior boys and girls was held in 1986.
Inclusion of Sports Aerobics: From 1997, Sports Aerobics was also organised under the Gymnastics Federation of India, expanding the scope of the sport in the country.

Q2Gymnastics

Who is considered as the father of modern gymnastics?

Solution

The provided text does not mention who is considered the father of modern gymnastics.

Q2Gymnastics

There are three events in women Gymnastics.

Solution

False. There are four events (apparatuses) in women's artistic gymnastics: Vaulting Table, Balancing Beam, Floor exercise, and Uneven Bars.

Q2Gymnastics

Today, gymnastics is often termed as the ultimate combination of _____ .

Solution

The provided text does not contain the information to complete this sentence.

Q3Gymnastics

Nadia Comaneci was the first female gymnast who received perfect score in 1976 at _____ Olympics.

Solution

Nadia Comaneci was the first female gymnast who received perfect score in 1976 at Montreal Olympics.

Q3Gymnastics

How many types of gymnastics are there? Enlist the men's and women's apparatus used in artistic gymnastics.

Solution

The provided text focuses on artistic gymnastics and does not detail other types. In artistic gymnastics, men and women perform on different sets of apparatus.

Men's Apparatus (Six Events):

Vaulting table
Horizontal Bar
Floor exercise
Parallel bars
Roman Rings
Pommel Horse

Women's Apparatus (Four Events):

Vaulting Table
Balancing Beam
Floor exercise
Uneven Bars

Q3Gymnastics

Roman rings is a men's apparatus.

Solution

True. Roman Rings is listed as one of the six apparatuses for men.

Q3Gymnastics

How many events are there in Artistic Gymnastics for men?

Solution

There are six events in Artistic Gymnastics for men, corresponding to the six apparatuses they use: Floor exercise, Pommel Horse, Roman Rings, Vaulting table, Parallel bars, and Horizontal Bar.

Q4Gymnastics

Like any other sport, gymnastics is a physical exercise that develops agility, coordination and _____ .

Solution

The provided text does not contain the specific word to complete this sentence, although qualities like strength and flexibility are implied.

Q4Gymnastics

Write down the specifications of uneven bars and pommel horse.

Solution

Specifications of Uneven Bars

Height:
- Upper bar: 2.50 m (8.2 ft)
- Lower bar: 1.70 m (5.6 ft)
Diameter of the bar: 4 cm (1.6 in)
Length of the bars: 2.10 m (7.9 ft)
Diagonal distance between bars: 1.30 m (4.3 ft) - 1.90 m (6.2 ft) (adjustable)

Specifications of Pommel Horse

Height from top surface to floor: 1.15 m (3.77 ft) ± 1 cm
Length at top: 1.60 m (5.2 ft) ± 1 cm
Length at bottom: 1.55 m (5.09 ft) ± 1 cm
Width at top: 35 cm (14 in) ± 1 cm
Width at bottom: 30 cm (12 in) ± 1 cm
Height of the pommels: 12 cm (4.7 in) ± 0.5 cm
Distance between the pommels: 40 cm (16 in) - 45 cm (18 in) (adjustable)

Q4Gymnastics

Balancing beam is an apparatus for men.

Solution

False. The Balancing Beam is an apparatus exclusively for women's gymnastics.

Q4Gymnastics

What is the full form of F.I.G.?

Solution

The full form of F.I.G. is Federation of International Gymnastics.

Q5Gymnastics

When did women compete for the first time in Olympics?

Solution

The provided text does not state the year when women first competed in gymnastics at the Olympic Games.

Q5Gymnastics

Floor exercise is an apparatus for both men and women.

Solution

True. Floor exercise is listed as an event for both men and women.

Q5Gymnastics

Enlist some advanced skills in gymnastics and explain the process of 'Cartwheel on Balancing Beam'.

Solution

Some advanced skills in gymnastics mentioned in the text are:

Cartwheel on Balancing Beam
Back Handspring or Flic Flac on Balancing Beam
KIP Technique on Uneven Bars
Forward Scissor on Pommel horse

Process of Cartwheel on Balancing Beam

This skill requires balance, strength, and coordination. The process is as follows:

Starting Position: Stand erect with feet slightly apart. Step out by raising the front leg and placing it ahead of the rear leg, shifting body weight onto it. Arms are raised by the side of the head.
Hand Placement: Turn the shoulder to the side and place the hands one after the other on the beam.
Leg Swing: Swing and raise the rear leg first, followed by the supporting leg, moving in the direction of the cartwheel.
Body Inversion: The trunk turns up to a 130-135 degree angle, with the legs kept in a straddle position as wide as possible.
Execution: Push off with the first arm (e.g., left) as the opposite leg (e.g., right) lands on the beam, followed by the other leg. The head should be kept between the arms throughout the entire movement.

Q6Gymnastics

In which year did Nadia Comaneci received the first perfect score in Olympics?

Solution

Nadia Comaneci received the first perfect score in the Olympics in 1976 at the Montreal Olympics.

Q1Judo

The two types of penalties awarded in Judo are _ and _ .

Solution

The two types of penalties awarded in Judo are shido and hansoku-make.

Q1Judo

Judo was included in the Asian Games in 1986.

Solution

True. The text states that Judo was included in the Asian Games in 1986 at Seoul.

Q1Judo

Where did Judo come from?

Solution

Judo originated from Japan.

Q1Judo

Explain the history of Judo.

Solution

Judo is a modern martial art that originated from Japan. Its history can be summarized as follows:

Founder and Origin: Judo was invented by Jigoro Kano in 1882. It is considered a comprehensive and refined form of 'Ju Jutsu', an ancient self-defence art. Kano reviewed the principles of attack and defence to create Judo, which translates to 'gentle way' or 'gentle path'.
First Institute: The first official teaching of Judo took place at the Kōdōkan Judo Institute in Japan in 1882.
Olympic Introduction: Judo was introduced as an Olympic sport at the Tokyo Olympic Games in 1964 for the male category. The women's category was added later at the Barcelona Olympics in 1992.
International Governance: The International Judo Federation (IJF) is the worldwide governing body for the sport.

Q2Judo

The competition area of Judo is a minimum of _____ .

Solution

The competition area of Judo is a minimum of 14 m × 14 m.

Q2Judo

Describe the basic rules of Judo.

Solution

The basic rules of Judo are designed to ensure fair competition and safety. Key rules include:

Objective: The primary goal is to score an 'Ippon' (winning point), which ends the match immediately. An Ippon is scored by throwing an opponent onto their back with force and control, holding them down for 20 seconds, or forcing a submission through an armlock or choke.
Scoring: If no Ippon is scored, the winner is determined by points. The next best score is a 'waza-ari', awarded for lesser throws or for holding an opponent for 10-19 seconds. Two waza-ari also equal an Ippon.
Match Duration: An international competition match lasts for four minutes.
Penalties: There are two types of penalties. A 'Shido' is a minor penalty for infractions like non-combativity or illegal grips. Accumulating three shidos results in a 'Hansoku-make' (disqualification), which is a severe penalty also given for major rule breaches.
Tie-Breaker: If scores are equal at the end of the match, it goes into a 'Golden Score' overtime period, where the first player to score or the first to receive a penalty loses.
Prohibited Actions: Judoka are not allowed to punch, kick, attack joints other than the elbow, touch the opponent's face, or intentionally injure the opponent.

Q2Judo

What is the difference between Judo and Jujutsu?

Solution

Judo is a comprehensive and modern form of the ancient self-defence art 'Ju Jutsu'. The founder of Judo, Jigoro Kano, reviewed the principles of attack and defence from Ju Jutsu and correctly applied them to create a new system focused on a 'gentle path' of self-defence and physical exercise.

Q2Judo

Judo was introduced in Olympic Games in 1964 in Tokyo only in male category.

Solution

True. The text confirms that Judo in the male category was introduced in the Tokyo Olympic Games in 1964.

Q3Judo

Explain about the emergence of Judo in India.

Solution

Judo was introduced in India in the early 20th century and has grown steadily since.

Early Introduction: The sport was first introduced in India through a Judo training centre at Visva Bharati University in 1905, which was started by Rabindranath Tagore. It is believed a Judo expert from Japan was invited to India for this purpose.
Formation of Federation: The Judo Federation of India (JFI) was formed in 1965, providing a formal structure for the sport's growth in the country.
National Competitions: The first National Judo Championship was held in Hyderabad in 1966.
International Recognition: Judo was included in the Asian Games in 1986 in Seoul, where India achieved a significant breakthrough by winning four bronze medals. This event was a milestone for Indian Judo.
Continued Performance: Since then, Indian Judokas have performed continuously at international events, with several qualifying for the Olympic Games and receiving the Arjuna Award. A notable achievement was by Thoudam Kalpana Devi, who became the first Indian to secure a top-three position at the 2010 Judo World Cup.

Q3Judo

Judo was introduced in Olympic Games in _____ in Tokyo only in female category.

Solution

The premise of the question is incorrect. According to the text, Judo was introduced in the Olympic Games in 1964 in Tokyo, but it was in the male category, not the female category. The female category was added in 1992.

Q3Judo

The contest area is of different colour from the safety area.

Solution

True. The text specifies that 'The contesting area is of different colour to the safety area'.

Q3Judo

What are the working principles of Judo?

Solution

The working principle of Judo is encapsulated in its name, which means 'gentle path' or 'gentle way'. It is an art of self-defence that is considered a gentle way of attack, using one's own body and the opponent's momentum. It also serves as an ideal form of physical exercise.

Q4Judo

What is Kuzushi?

Solution

Kuzushi is a term used in Judo that means breaking the balance of the opponent.

Q4Judo

Explain the measurement and specifications of the contest area in Judo.

Solution

A Judo match takes place on a specific contest area made of tatami mats to ensure safety.

Total Competition Area: The entire competition area is a minimum of 14 m × 14 m and can be up to 16 m × 16 m. This area is divided into two zones.
Contest Area (Inner Zone): This is the main fighting area where the contest takes place. It has a minimum size of 8 m × 8 m and a maximum of 10 m × 10 m. It is a different colour from the outer zone.
Safety Area (Outer Zone): This area surrounds the contest area and is a minimum of 3 m wide. Its purpose is to protect the athletes if they fall or are thrown out of the contest area. When two competition areas are adjacent, the shared safety area must be at least 4 m wide.
Free Zone: A free zone of at least 50 cm must be maintained around the entire competition area.
Tatamis: The entire area is covered by tatamis, which are mats made of pressed foam. They typically measure 1 m × 2 m or 1 m × 1 m.
Platform: An optional wooden platform, approximately 18 m × 18 m, can be used underneath the tatamis.

Q4Judo

Contest occurs under the supervision of a referee and two judges.

Solution

True. The text states that a contest occurs under the supervision of a referee and two judges.

Q5Judo

What is Kiai?

Solution

The provided text does not define the term 'Kiai'.

Q6Judo

What are the Judo ranks?

Solution

The provided text does not describe the Judo ranking system (such as Kyu and Dan grades). However, it does show a table of different coloured belts (Obi) which are associated with rank, including white, yellow, orange, green, blue, brown, and black.

Q7Judo

Who created Judo?

Solution

Judo was created by Jigoro Kano in 1882.

Q8Judo

What are the main types of Judo techniques?

Solution

The main types of Judo techniques listed in the text are:

Tachi-Waza - Standing techniques
Koshi-Waza - Hip techniques
Ashi-Waza - Leg techniques
Te-Waza - Hand techniques
Osae-komi-Waza - Ground techniques (Holds)
Kensetsu-Waza - Arm lock techniques
Shime-Waza - Choking techniques

Q1Swimming

During the relay, we can change the swimmer of a team.

Solution

False. During a race, a swimmer cannot be changed. The text states that the composition of a relay team can be changed between heats and finals, but substitutions during a race are only allowed in cases of a documented medical emergency.

Q1Swimming

Explain the world and Indian history of swimming.

Solution

World History of Swimming

Swimming emerged as a competitive sport in the early 19th century, primarily in England.

Early Development: In the early 1800s, competitive swimming began to gain popularity. The first indoor swimming pool, St George's Baths, opened to the public in 1828.
Governing Bodies: The first national governing body, the Amateur Swimming Association, was formed in 1880. Later, the world swimming body, Federation Internationale de Natation (FINA), was formed in 1908.
Olympic Games: Swimming was part of the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 in Athens, though it was a male-only competition. Women were first allowed to compete in swimming at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm.

Indian History of Swimming

In India, the formal administration of the sport began after independence.

Formation of SFI: The Swimming Federation of India (SFI) was formed in 1948. This body is responsible for the promotion and administration of all aquatic sports in the country.
International Affiliation: The SFI is affiliated with FINA, the world governing body for swimming.
Notable Swimmers: India has produced several notable swimmers who have competed at the international level, including Sachin Nag, Sufyan Shaikh, Khajan Singh, Nisha Milled, Sikha Tandon, and Sandeep Sejwal.

Q1Swimming

When was the first swimming association formed?

Solution

The first national governing body for swimming, the Amateur Swimming Association, was formed in the year 1880.

Q1Swimming

_ °C to _ °C is the normal range of temperature for water in swimming pool.

Solution

25 °C to 28 °C is the normal range of temperature for water in swimming pool.

Q2Swimming

During breast stroke, if the swimmer is tired he/she can use freestyle swimming.

Solution

False. A swimmer must complete the race using the designated stroke for that event. Using a different stroke would result in disqualification.

Q2Swimming

Discuss about SFI within 50 words.

Solution

The Swimming Federation of India (SFI) was formed in 1948. It is the national governing body that promotes and administers aquatic sports in India. The SFI is affiliated with FINA, the world governing body for swimming, and oversees the development of the sport within the country.

Q2Swimming

Write about the most renowned swimmers of India.

Solution

The provided text lists several notable Indian swimmers who have made significant contributions to the sport at the national and international levels. These swimmers are:

Sachin Nag
Sufyan Shaikh
Khajan Singh
Nisha Milled
Sikha Tandon
Sandeep Sejwal

The text mentions them as some of the few notable Indian swimmers but does not provide detailed information on their individual achievements.

Q2Swimming

In a standard pool, there are _____ lanes.

Solution

In a standard pool, there are 10 lanes.

Q3Swimming

Explain the teaching stages of front crawl stroke.

Solution

The front crawl, or freestyle, is taught in stages focusing on different aspects of the stroke. The key stages are:

Body Position: The swimmer learns to maintain a streamlined prone (face-down) position. The body should be flat on the stomach, arms stretched out in front, and legs extended back with toes pointed. The water level should be at the hairline.
Arm Action: This is the main source of propulsion. The arms pull alternately from front to back. The action is broken down into phases: entry, catch, pull, push, release, and recovery. While one arm is pulling underwater, the other is recovering above the water.
Leg Action: Known as the flutter kick, the legs move alternately up and down from the hip joint. The leg action provides a small amount of propulsion but is crucial for maintaining a horizontal body position and reducing drag.
Lateral Breathing: Breathing is done to the side. The swimmer turns their head to the side of the recovering arm to inhale through the mouth. The face then returns to the water, and the swimmer exhales through the mouth and nose.
Body Roll: The body rotates along its long axis with each arm stroke. This rotation allows for a deeper and more powerful arm pull and helps the recovering arm to clear the water easily with a high elbow.

Q3Swimming

Back stroke in swimming starts from the water level.

Solution

True. The backstroke start is unique as swimmers begin in the water, holding onto starting grips on the block, rather than diving from the platform.

Q3Swimming

Explain the dimensions of a standard swimming pool?

Solution

A standard (Olympic-size) swimming pool has the following dimensions:

Length: 50 m
Width: 25 m
Depth: Minimum 2.0 m
Number of lanes: 10
Lane width: 2.5 m
Water temperature: 25-28° C

Q3Swimming

Grab is a type of _____ in swimming.

Solution

Grab is a type of start in swimming.

Q4Swimming

What is the difference between freestyle and breast stroke?

Solution

The main differences between freestyle (front crawl) and breaststroke are in their arm and leg actions and body position.

Freestyle: Involves an alternating arm pull and a continuous flutter kick. The body maintains a prone, streamlined position with a side-to-side roll for breathing and arm recovery.
Breaststroke: Involves a simultaneous arm pull where both arms move together in a semi-circular motion, followed by a whip-like kick where both legs move together. The body moves in an undulating wave-like motion, and the swimmer breathes by lifting their head forward.

Q4Swimming

Jellyfish is a type of _____ in swimming.

Solution

Jellyfish is a type of float in swimming.

Q4Swimming

Explain the teaching stages of back crawl stroke.

Solution

The back crawl, also known as backstroke, is taught through a series of stages to master its unique technique:

Body Position: The fundamental position is a streamlined supine (face-up) position. The swimmer lies flat on their back with arms stretched back over the head. The face is out of the water, hips are just below the surface, and legs are extended with toes pointed.
Arm Action: The arms provide most of the forward propulsion. They are pulled alternately from back to front inside the water and recover with a straight arm over the body. Like the front crawl, the arm action is divided into phases: entry, catch, pull, push, release, and recovery.
Leg Action: The leg action is a flutter kick, similar to the front crawl but performed on the back. The legs move alternately up and down, originating from the hip joint. This action helps maintain body position and adds some propulsion.
Breathing: Breathing in backstroke is relatively easy because the mouth and nose are almost always above the water. Swimmers typically breathe once in every arm cycle, maintaining a consistent rhythm.

Q4Swimming

During one's turn, the swimmer is allowed to touch the floor.

Solution

False. The rules state that while turning, it is not permissible to take a stride or step from the bottom of the pool. A swimmer must make physical contact with the end wall to execute the turn.

Q1Table Tennis

Table Tennis was included in Asian Games in 1958 in Tokyo.

Solution

True. The text states that 'Table tennis has been contested at the Asian Games since 1958'.

Q1Table Tennis

Briefly write the history of Table Tennis.

Solution

Table Tennis, also known as 'Ping-Pong', has a rich history as a popular indoor sport.

Foundation and Governance: The International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) was founded in 1926. In India, the Table Tennis Federation of India (TTFI) was also established in 1926 and is a founder member of the ITTF.
Major Competitions: World Table Tennis Championships have been held since 1926. The sport has been part of the Asian Games since 1958 and the Commonwealth Games since 2002.
Olympic Debut: Table Tennis made its debut as an Olympic sport at the 1988 Seoul Games.
Rule Changes: Significant rule changes were made to make the game faster and more exciting. In 2001, the game scoring system was changed from 21 points to 11 points. In 2002, the service rule was changed from five consecutive serves per player to two.

Q1Table Tennis

How does a standard Table Tennis game end?

Solution

A standard Table Tennis game ends when one player or pair scores 11 points. However, if the score reaches 10-10, the game continues until one side gains a two-point lead.

Q1Table Tennis

In Table Tennis, penhold grip is used by _____ players.

Solution

In Table Tennis, penhold grip is used by Chinese and Japanese players.

Q2Table Tennis

Briefly write the scoring system in Table Tennis.

Solution

The scoring system in Table Tennis is as follows:

Winning a Game: A game is won by the player or pair who first scores 11 points.
Deuce Rule: If both players or pairs score 10 points each (a score of 10-10), the game continues. To win the game from this point, a player or pair must gain a lead of 2 points over the opponent. For example, the game could be won with a score of 12-10, 13-11, and so on.
Winning a Match: A match consists of the best of any odd number of games (e.g., best of 3, 5, or 7 games).

Q2Table Tennis

Besides the green colour? Which colour table can be used for the table?

Solution

The text states that the playing surface shall be 'uniformly dark coloured and matt'. It does not specify any other particular colours besides the commonly seen green or blue.

Q2Table Tennis

Table Tennis racket may be of any size, shape or weight.

Solution

True. The text specifies that the 'Racket may be of any size, shape or weight, but the blade shall be flat and rigid'.

Q2Table Tennis

Diameter of the Table Tennis ball shall be _____ mm .

Solution

Diameter of the Table Tennis ball shall be 40 mm .

Q3Table Tennis

Table Tennis became an Olympic sport in _____ .

Solution

Table Tennis became an Olympic sport in 1988.

Q3Table Tennis

Table Tennis Federation of India was established in 1924.

Solution

False. The text states that the Table Tennis Federation of India (TTFI) was established in 1926.

Q3Table Tennis

Write about the expedite system in Table Tennis.

Solution

The expedite system is a rule in table tennis designed to prevent matches from becoming excessively long. It comes into operation under the following conditions:

Activation: It starts automatically after 10 minutes of play in a game if the score has not reached at least 18 points (e.g., 9-9). It can also be activated at any time if requested by both players or pairs.
Change in Service: Once activated, the service sequence changes. Each player serves for only one point in turn until the end of the game.
Winning a Point: A special rule applies to the receiver. If the receiving player or pair makes 13 good returns in a rally, the receiver scores the point.
Duration: Once the expedite system is introduced in a match, it remains in operation for the rest of that match.

Q3Table Tennis

What should be the height of the ball when tossed for the service?

Solution

The provided text does not specify the required height of the ball toss for a legal service.

Q4Table Tennis

Table Tennis is an indoor game.

Solution

True. The text explicitly calls it a 'popular indoor recreational sport'.

Q4Table Tennis

How many types of strokes are there in table tennis? Explain.

Solution

In table tennis, strokes are broadly classified into two categories: offensive and defensive. These can be played from either the forehand or backhand side.

1. Offensive Strokes: These are attacking strokes used to score points.

Examples include: drive, loop drive, loop, loop kill, hook, counter drive, flip, and smash.

2. Defensive Strokes: These strokes are used to return the ball safely and make it difficult for the opponent to attack.

Examples include: push, slice, block, drive, lob, drop shot, and various spin strokes.

Explanation of Forehand Push

The text provides a detailed explanation of the forehand push, a common defensive stroke:

Usage: It is typically used when a player cannot play a more aggressive attacking stroke, especially against a short ball with backspin.
Technique: The player's right foot is forward, and body weight is transferred onto it. The racket moves in a downward and forward direction to contact the ball just in front of the body.
Ball Trajectory: The stroke imparts backspin on the ball, causing it to travel in an upward direction from the racket initially. The follow-through is slight.

Q4Table Tennis

Which country has won the most international titles in the 20th century?

Solution

The provided text does not contain information on which country has won the most international titles in the 20th century.

Q4Table Tennis

Height of the table from the floor is _____。

Solution

Height of the table from the floor is 76 cm.

Q5Table Tennis

What is the size of Table Tennis table?

Solution

The surface of a Table Tennis table is rectangular, 2.74 m long and 1.525 m wide.

Q1Wrestling

The first national wrestling championship under WFI was held in _____ .

Solution

The provided text does not state the year when the first national wrestling championship under the WFI was held.

Q1Wrestling

The registered office of wrestling federation of India is located in UT of Delhi.

Solution

The provided text does not mention the location of the registered office of the Wrestling Federation of India.

Q1Wrestling

List down the match officials in wrestling.

Solution

In all wrestling competitions, the refereeing for each bout consists of:

Mat Chairman
Referee
Judge

Q1Wrestling

Differentiate between freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestling in detail.

Solution

Freestyle and Greco-Roman are the two international styles of wrestling contested in the Olympics. The primary difference lies in the use of the legs.

Freestyle Wrestling

Allowed Holds: In Freestyle wrestling, holds on the whole body are permitted. Wrestlers can use their legs to attack their opponent's legs, such as for trips and takedowns. They can also grab the opponent's legs to execute moves.
Nature of the Sport: This style allows for a wider range of techniques and is generally considered more dynamic, with attacks possible on both the upper and lower body.
Olympic History: It was included in the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 and has been a consistent part of the games.

Greco-Roman Wrestling

Forbidden Holds: The most significant rule in Greco-Roman wrestling is that it forbids holds below the waist. A wrestler cannot use their legs to attack the opponent, nor can they grab the opponent's legs to secure a takedown or any other move.
Nature of the Sport: This restriction means the focus is entirely on upper-body strength, throws, and lifts. The sport emphasizes powerful throws where wrestlers lift and expose their opponent's back to the mat.
Olympic History: It was contested at the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 and has been included in every Summer Olympics since 1908.

Q2Wrestling

Women wrestlers participated first time in Olympics after the gap of 100 years of their male counterpart.

Solution

True. Men's wrestling was in the first modern Olympics in 1896, while women's wrestling was added in 2004, which is a gap of 108 years.

Q2Wrestling

Passivity zone is of _____ m in width.

Solution

The orange strip on the wrestling mat, which serves as the passivity zone, is 1 m in width.

Q2Wrestling

Who was the first wrestler to win an Olympic medal?

Solution

According to the 'Do You Know?' box in the text, the first wrestler from India to win an Olympic medal was Khashaba Dadasaheb Jadhav in 1952.

Q2Wrestling

Draw the labelled diagram of a wrestling playing mat.

Solution

Since drawing is not possible, here is a detailed description of a labelled wrestling mat based on the text and Figure 4.57:

Overall Shape: The wrestling mat is circular.
Central Circle: At the very middle of the mat, there is a central circle with a diameter of one meter.
Central Wrestling Area: This is the main combat zone, which is an orange circle with a diameter of 7 meters.
Orange Strip / Passivity Zone: Surrounding the central wrestling area is an orange strip that is 1 meter wide. This area is often referred to as the passivity zone.
Protection Area: The outermost part of the mat is the protection area, which is 1.5 meters wide. Its color must be different from the rest of the mat to clearly distinguish the out-of-bounds area.
Coach and Wrestler Positions: The coaches are located on the same side of the mat. The red wrestler is positioned on the left side and the blue wrestler on the right side.

Q3Wrestling

First Indian male medallist in Olympics was _____ .

Solution

First Indian male medallist in Olympics was Khashaba Dadasaheb Jadhav.

Q3Wrestling

What are the two types of wrestling styles?

Solution

The two main types of wrestling styles discussed are Freestyle and Greco-Roman.

Q3Wrestling

Discuss different age and weight categories in wrestling for male and female.

Solution

Wrestling competitions are organized into various age and weight categories to ensure fair competition. The categories are as follows:

Age Categories:

School Boys/Girls: 14-15 years
Cadets: 16-17 years
Juniors: 18-20 years
Seniors (Under 23): 19-23 years
Seniors: Above 20 years

Weight Categories (examples from tables):

Junior Boys: Categories range from 46-50 kg up to 96-120 kg.
Junior Girls: Categories range from 40-44 kg up to 67-72 kg.
Senior Men (Freestyle - Olympic): 57 kg, 65 kg, 74 kg, 86 kg, 97 kg, 125 kg.
Senior Men (Greco-Roman - Olympic): 59 kg, 66 kg, 75 kg, 85 kg, 98 kg, 130 kg.
Senior Women (Freestyle - Olympic): 48 kg, 53 kg, 58 kg, 63 kg, 69 kg, 75 kg.
School Games Federation of India (SGFI) Categories (from 2018-19):
- Under 14 Boys (Freestyle): 10 categories from 35 kg to 75 kg.
- Under 17 Boys (Freestyle and Greco-Roman): 10 categories from 41-45 kg to 110 kg.
- Under 19 Boys (Freestyle): 10 categories from 57 kg to 125 kg.
- Under 19 Boys (Greco-Roman): 10 categories from 55 kg to 130 kg.

Q3Wrestling

In freestyle wrestling, the techniques are used only above the waist.

Solution

False. This rule applies to Greco-Roman wrestling. In freestyle wrestling, holds are allowed on the entire body.

Q4Wrestling

First Indian woman medallist in Olympics was _____ .

Solution

First Indian woman medallist in Olympics was Sakshi Malik.

Q4Wrestling

Discuss the various ways of winning points by a wrestler.

Solution

In wrestling, points are awarded for executing various offensive and defensive maneuvers. The primary ways to score points are:

Takedown (Up to 2 points): Awarded when a wrestler takes their opponent down to the mat from a standing position and gains control over them.
Escape (Up to 1 point): Given to a wrestler who is in a defensive (bottom) position and manages to get away to a neutral position.
Reversal (2 points): Awarded to a wrestler who is in a defensive position on the mat but successfully counters and gains control of the opponent from underneath.
Near Fall (2 or 3 points): This occurs when a wrestler exposes their opponent's back to the mat but does not secure a pin. It is also called a 'danger position'.
- 2 points are awarded if the opponent's shoulders are held in the danger position for two seconds.
- 3 points are awarded if the opponent is held in the danger position for five seconds.
Penalty Points (Up to 2 points): Points can be awarded to a wrestler if their opponent commits an illegal hold or a technical violation, such as fleeing the mat, grabbing clothing, or locking hands illegally.

Q4Wrestling

What is the name of the governing body of wrestling in India?

Solution

The governing body of wrestling in India is the Wrestling Federation of India (WFI).

Q4Wrestling

Wrestling is a combat sports originated from Martial Arts.

Solution

False. The text states that wrestling styles 'forbid the use of martial arts' tactics,' indicating they are distinct.

Q5Wrestling

Weight categories in Greco-Roman and freestyle are same.

Solution

False. Table 14 in the text shows that the weight categories for senior and Olympic levels are different for Greco-Roman and Freestyle wrestling.

Q5Wrestling

_____ is the only Indian wrestler to win two medals at the Olympics Games.

Solution

The provided text does not contain the information to answer this question.

Q5Wrestling

What does WFI stands for?

Solution

WFI stands for Wrestling Federation of India.

Q6Wrestling

What is the term used for wrestling costume?

Solution

The term used for the one-piece wrestling costume is Singlet.

Q7Wrestling

What is the major difference between Greco-roman and free style wrestling?

Solution

The major difference is that Greco-Roman wrestling forbids holds below the waist, while Freestyle wrestling allows holds on the entire body, including the legs.

Individual GamesClass 11 Health And Physical Education NCERT Solutions

Explain the meaning and history of athletics.

Solution

Meaning of Athletics

History of Athletics

400 m track is known as standard track.

Solution

What is the distance of runway in long jump and triple jump?

Solution

The thickness of the take-off board in long jump and triple jump is _____ .

Solution

What is the size of landing area in high jump?

Solution

Maximum weight of the crossbar in high jump is _____。

Solution

5 runners participate in a relay race.

Solution

Describe the events organised in athletics.

Solution

The _____ of shot put in women is 4 kg .

Solution

Name any four throwing events.

Solution

Describe the classification of track events in athletics.

Solution

Bunch start is a throwing technique.

Solution

28 hurdle jumps and 7 water jumps are there in _____ .

Solution

Disco put style is applied in discus throw.

Solution

Describe the classification of field events in athletics.

Solution

Name the famous technique used for high jump.

Solution

There are two types of tracks.

Solution

Enlist the different types of throw events. Explain shot put throw in detail.

Solution

Shot Put Explained

What is relay?

Solution

What is the weight of discus for men and women?

Solution

Enlist the different types of jump events. Explain high jump in detail.

Solution

High Jump Explained

Explain the types of crouch start in short distance running.

Solution

Which type of track is called a standard track?

Solution

What is the weight of the shot in shot put for men and women?

Solution

Weight of a shuttle should be _____ .

Solution

Who won India's first Olympic medal in Badminton?

Solution

Thomas Cup was first held in 1956.

Solution

Write the history of Badminton in Olympics.

Solution

Write various types of events played in Badminton.

Solution

What is the legal height a badminton player is allowed to serve from?

Solution

In badminton, doubles A side has only one service.

Solution

Height of the badminton court for international competitions shall be _____ .

Solution

The colour of the lines of badminton court should be _____ .

Solution

Write the dimensions of the Racket.

Solution

A 60 seconds interval between each game is allowed.

Solution

A player can win a game with a score of 30-28 points.

Solution

Draw a labelled badminton court.

Solution

High serve is used sometimes in badminton men's singles.

The two types of penalties awarded in Judo are _ and _ .